CHAPTERS 12,13, &14
Occupational Effectiveness
KNOW THE WORKPLACE
DESIGN YOUR OWN CAREER
BE PEOPLE SMART
MAKE WORK FUN!
INDUSTRIES PROJECTED TO HAVE THE
FASTEST GROWTH IN THE NEXT DECADE
Computers and data processing services
Health Services
Residential care
Management and Public Relations
Personnel supply services
Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing
Museums, botanical and zoological gardens
Research and testing services
Miscellaneous Transportation services
Security and Commodity brokers
OCCUPATIONAL GROUPS THAT WILL EMPLOY THE MOST WORKERS IN THE
NEXT DECADE
Administrative support, including clerical
Service
Professional specialty
Operators, fabricators, and laborers
Marketing and Sales
Executive, administrative, and managerial
Precision production, craft, and repair
Technicians and related support
Agriculture, forestry, fishing and related
10 CAREER AREAS PROJECTED TO HAVE THE FASTEST
GROWTH
Computer software
engineers, applications
Computer support
specialists
Computer software
engineers, systems software
Network &
computer systems administrators
Network systems
& data communication analysts
Desktop
publishers
Database
administrators
Personal &
home care aides
Computer systems
analysts
Medical
assistants
Realistic mechanical abilities, making things, Pilot,
electrician, engineer, construction worker.
Investigative abstract thinking, new knowledge, testing
hypotheses, research scientist, physicist, chemist, medical researcher, college
professor.
Conventional working in structured situations, self-disciplined,
orderly, routine tasks, clerical worker, accountant, bank teller, data entry
worker.
Enterprising
persuasive, like to influence
others, risk takers, enjoy business. Sales managers, real estate brokers,
business owners.
Social work with people, especially helping relationships.
Social worker, counselor, teacher, health care worker, clinical psychologist.
Artistic
creative, imaginative, emotional, unconventional perspectives. Painting,
sculpting, music, writing, and dance.
WHAT
TO REMEMBER AND CONSIDER WHEN TAKING CAREER TESTS
You should take
several tests, rather than just one. Why?
There is no one
best test everyone recommends.
There is no one
test that always gives better results than the others.
No test should necessarily be assumed to be accurate.
Dont let tests
make you forget that you are a unique human being.
Let your
intuition be you guide.
You are not
finished with a test until you have done some serious self exploration about:
Your goals
The goals of your
goals
Your passions -
likes and dislikes
Your strengths
and weaknesses
Your level of motivation
Supers Stages of Career Development
Growth
Childhood
and youth
Exploration
High school
and whats next?
Establishment
Committed
trial
Maintenance
Mid-life
endurance
Decline
Deceleration
and Retirement
EFFECTIVE LEADERS
1. Develop an appropriate level of self
confidence ( not too high or low) and convey this both verbally and non-
verbally
2. Practice strong ethics
3. Develop partnerships in order to share power
and authority
4. Decentralize decision making
5. Build mutual trust and respect
6. Use team building, problem solving and
process analysis
7. View all tasks as cooperative undertakings
8. Set high but realistic expectations
EFFECTIVE LEADERS ( cont.)
9. Communicate these expectations clearly
10. Avoid finger pointing
11. Help group members reach goals and achieve
satisfaction
12. Believe everyone has good ideas
13. Give frequent constructive feedback about
performance
14. Manage a crisis effectively
15. Ask the right questions
16. Chase fear out of the workplace
17. Cooperate with organized labor
18. Recognize
long term commitments
THE
PERFORMANCE REVIEW PROCESS
1. Your organization sets standards for your job.
2. You and your supervisor set measurable goals
for you.
3. Your performance is evaluated, usually with
an evaluation form.
4. Your performance is compared to the pre-
established goals. You may need to complete a self-appraisal.
5. You and your supervisor discuss the formal
appraisal.
6. Your
performance is rewarded or corrective action is taken in case of a poor
performance review.
THE ADVANTAGES OF HAVING
POLICIES AND PROCEDURES IN THE WORKPLACE
Clear understanding of expectations and
responsibilities.
Understanding the consequences of behaviors that
violate policy.
Predictability in the working environment.
Security of knowing how to succeed.
Fairness and equity in rules that apply to all
employees.
HOW TO DEAL WITH WORKPLACE STRESS
TIPS FOR PACING YOURSELF
If possible,
schedule work tasks and hours to correspond to your natural body rhythms.
Shift between
pleasant and unpleasant tasks.
Allow some time
daily for more pleasurable work tasks.
Take some time to
relax over your lunch break and recharge your batteries.
Take five minute
mini-breaks throughout the day to de-stress yourself.
Choose leisure
time activities that balance the unique stresses in your line of work.
Carefully
consider the length and type of vacation you take to balance work stress.
If possible, take
a short break during your workday to practice active relaxation, stretch or
exercise.
WHAT TO
INCLUDE ON YOUR RESUME
Who You Are
Job Objective or Goal
Educational History
Job Experience and Achievement-
In reverse chronological order
References
Note- use action verbs
such as managed, created, developed, organized. when describing your job
responsibilities.
INTERVIEW
PREPARATION
GATHER INFO ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION, OR COMPANY
AND THE JOB. WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW AND TRY TO FIND OUT...
What is the
nature and purpose of the organization?
Who are the
leaders in the company?
How small or
large is the company? Amount of sales?
Number of clients or customers?
Any branch
locations? Where?
What is the
organizational pattern?
Who are the major
competitors for their products or services?
What is the
organizations reputation? What
information, if any, about this company has been in the news?
What are the
requirements of the position you are seeking?
What are the job
responsibilities?
Why is this
position currently available?
THE FIVE CS OF SUCCESSFUL JOB INTERVIEWING
CHALLENGED
COMMUNICATIVE
CANDID
COMFORTABLE
CONFIDENT
WHAT TO DO DURING A JOB INTERVIEW
Introduce
yourself.
Wait to be
invited to be seated.
Listen, respond
and ask your questions during the interview exchange.
Note any
follow-up requests (i.e. supply references or transcripts).
Sense when the
interview is coming to a close.
Clarify with the
interviewer the next steps in the process.
Summarize and
express your enthusiasm and interest for the job, your qualifications for such,
and your enjoyment of the interview.
Thank the
interviewer while leaving.
Follow-up by
sending a Thank You letter.
JOB
INTERVIEWING
DOS
DONTS
Your homework - gather info
Rehearse - practice orally
Dress a level above the job you are seeking
Be punctual
Have a firm handshake
Show interest
Be nice
Be yourself
Think what it is to like to be in the interviewers
shoes
Ask your questions
Think before responding
Maintain good eye contact
Thank the interviewer when leaving
Send a follow-up letter
Appear uninformed about the organization
Talk too much
Listen poorly
Interrupt the interviewer
Put yourself down
Be arrogant
Be rude
Ask about salary early in the interview- do it at the
end, if at all
Be an extremist
Over or under dress
Have a telephone interview if you can avoid it
Be vague or indirect
Be negative
EMOTIONAL
INTELLIGENCE IN THE WORKPLACE
In order to be people smart you need to. . .
Understand people- be perceptive
Express yourself clearly
Assert your needs
Exchange feedback
Know how to influence or persuade others
Resolve conflicts
Be a team player
Be able to shift gears
Understanding your needs
David McClelland
Affiliation
Achievement
Power
Abraham Maslow Hierarchy of Needs
Where do you spend your time? This indicates your
motivations and what needs you are trying to meet.
MASLOWS
HIERARCHY
Self Actualization
Esteem Needs
Belonging Needs
Safety Needs
Basic Biological Needs
CHARACTERISTICS OF SELF-ACTUALIZED
PEOPLE
Practical and
realistic in problem solving
Accepting of
themselves and others
Genuine, natural
and spontaneous
Having a need for
privacy
Independent and
self-reliant
Having peak
experiences- moments of exhilaration and ecstasy
Identifying with
and respecting all humankind
Following
strongly held values and ethics
Maintaining deep,
close relationships with a small amount of people
Demonstrating a
broad, non hostile sense of humor
Innovative and
creative
Individualistic
and resisting conformity
Appreciating the natural and social environment
INTRINSIC VS. EXTRINSIC
MOTIVATION MOTIVATION
Comes from within the person
Incites passion
Makes you feel good
Rewards you while you work
Comes from external world
Helps set goals
Heightens your expectations
Rewards
you outside of work, afterwards
POTENTIAL PROBLEMS IN THE WORKPLACE
SUBSTANCE ABUSE
LACK OF ADVANCEMENT
BUNRNOUT
DIFFUCULT CO-WORKERS
SEXUAL HARASSMENT
DISCRIMINATION
HOW
TO PROTECT YOURSELF FROM SEXUAL HARASSMENT
1.) Know you organizations policy on sexual
harassment.
2.) Let the offending individual know that you
are irritated by his or her behavior - Be assertive.
3.) Document events.
4.) If the offensive behavior is repeated,
complain to someone in authority.
5.) Keep records of your work.
6.) Seek legal assistance if you are dissatisfied
with your organizations response to your complaint.
7.) Keep your
spirits high.
MOST
VALUED EMPLOYEE
QUALITIES
Dependable
Positive,
motivated attitude
Honest
Good
communication skills
Good listener
Creative problem
solver
Sound decision
maker
Team player
Willing to learn
new skills
Open to
suggestions and feedback
Hardworking
Accurate and
responsible
Ability to follow
through
Confident
Neat and
attractive appearance
Respectful and
considerate ( good manners )
High energy
Able to cope with
stress