CHAPTERS 12,13, &14

Occupational Effectiveness

KNOW THE WORKPLACE

DESIGN YOUR OWN CAREER

BE PEOPLE SMART

MAKE WORK FUN!

INDUSTRIES PROJECTED TO HAVE THE FASTEST GROWTH IN THE NEXT DECADE

•      Computers and data processing services

•      Health Services

•      Residential care

•      Management and Public Relations

•      Personnel supply services

•      Miscellaneous equipment rental and leasing

•      Museums, botanical and zoological gardens

•      Research and testing services

•      Miscellaneous Transportation services

•      Security and Commodity brokers

OCCUPATIONAL GROUPS THAT WILL EMPLOY THE MOST WORKERS IN THE NEXT DECADE

•      Administrative support, including clerical

•      Service

•      Professional specialty

•      Operators, fabricators, and laborers

•      Marketing and Sales

•      Executive, administrative, and managerial

•      Precision production, craft, and repair

•      Technicians and related support

•      Agriculture, forestry, fishing and related

10 CAREER AREAS PROJECTED TO HAVE THE FASTEST GROWTH

•      Computer software engineers, applications

•      Computer support specialists

•      Computer software engineers, systems software

•      Network & computer systems administrators

•      Network systems & data communication analysts

•      Desktop publishers

•      Database administrators

•      Personal & home care aides

•      Computer systems analysts

•      Medical assistants

 

 

 

•      Realistic – mechanical abilities, making things, Pilot, electrician, engineer, construction worker.

•      Investigative – abstract thinking, new knowledge, testing hypotheses, research scientist, physicist, chemist, medical researcher, college professor.

•      Conventional – working in structured situations, self-disciplined, orderly, routine tasks, clerical worker, accountant, bank teller, data entry worker.

 

•      Enterprising – persuasive, like to influence others, risk takers, enjoy business. Sales managers, real estate brokers, business owners.

•      Social – work with people, especially helping relationships. Social worker, counselor, teacher, health care worker, clinical psychologist.

•      Artistic – creative, imaginative, emotional, unconventional perspectives. Painting, sculpting, music, writing, and dance. 

WHAT TO REMEMBER AND CONSIDER WHEN TAKING CAREER TESTS

•      You should take several tests, rather than just one. Why?

–    There is no one best test everyone recommends.

–    There is no one test that always gives better results than the others.

–    No test should necessarily be assumed to be accurate.

•      Don’t let tests make you forget that you are a unique human being.

•      Let your intuition be you guide.

•      You are not finished with a test until you have done some serious self exploration about:

–    Your goals

–    The goals of your goals

–    Your passions - likes and dislikes

–    Your strengths and weaknesses

–    Your level of motivation

 

 

Super’s Stages of Career Development

•      Growth

–    Childhood and youth

•      Exploration     

–    High school and what’s next?

•      Establishment

–    Committed trial

•      Maintenance

–    Mid-life endurance

•      Decline

–    Deceleration and Retirement

EFFECTIVE LEADERS

•      1.  Develop an appropriate level of self confidence ( not too high or low) and convey this both verbally and non- verbally

•      2.  Practice strong ethics

•      3.  Develop partnerships in order to share power and authority

•      4.  Decentralize decision making

•      5.  Build mutual trust and respect

•      6.  Use team building, problem solving and process analysis

•      7.  View all tasks as cooperative undertakings

•      8.  Set high but realistic expectations

EFFECTIVE LEADERS ( cont.)

•      9.  Communicate these expectations clearly

•      10.  Avoid finger pointing

•      11.  Help group members reach goals and achieve satisfaction

•      12.  Believe everyone has good ideas

•      13.  Give frequent constructive feedback about performance

•      14.  Manage a crisis effectively

•      15.  Ask the right questions

•      16.  Chase fear out of the workplace

•      17.  Cooperate with organized labor

•      18.  Recognize long term commitments

THE
“PERFORMANCE REVIEW” PROCESS

•      1.  Your organization sets standards for your job.

•      2.  You and your supervisor set measurable goals for you.

•      3.  Your performance is evaluated, usually with an evaluation form.

•      4.  Your performance is compared to the pre- established goals. You may need to complete a self-appraisal.

•      5.  You and your supervisor discuss the formal appraisal.

•      6.  Your performance is rewarded or corrective action is taken in case of a poor performance review.

THE ADVANTAGES OF HAVING
 POLICIES AND PROCEDURES IN THE WORKPLACE

•      Clear understanding of expectations and responsibilities.

•      Understanding the consequences of behaviors that violate policy.

•      Predictability in the working environment.

•      Security of knowing how to succeed.

•      Fairness and equity in rules that apply to all employees.

HOW TO DEAL WITH WORKPLACE STRESS
TIPS FOR PACING YOURSELF

•       If possible, schedule work tasks and hours to correspond to your natural body rhythms.

•       Shift between pleasant and unpleasant tasks.

•       Allow some time daily for more pleasurable work tasks.

•       Take some time to relax over your lunch break and recharge your batteries.

•       Take five minute mini-breaks throughout the day to de-stress yourself.

•       Choose leisure time activities that balance the unique stresses in your line of work.

•       Carefully consider the length and type of vacation you take to balance work stress.

•       If possible, take a short break during your workday to practice active relaxation, stretch or exercise.

 

WHAT TO INCLUDE ON YOUR RESUME

•      Who You Are

•      Job Objective or Goal

•      Educational History

•      Job Experience and Achievement-

–   In reverse chronological order

•      References

–   Note- use action verbs such as “managed, created, developed, organized.” when describing your job responsibilities.

INTERVIEW PREPARATION
GATHER INFO ABOUT THE ORGANIZATION, OR COMPANY AND THE JOB. WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW AND TRY TO FIND OUT...

•       What is the nature and purpose of the organization?

•       Who are the leaders in the company?

•       How small or large is the company? Amount of sales?  Number of clients or customers?

•       Any branch locations? Where?

•       What is the organizational pattern?

•       Who are the major competitors for their products or services?

•       What is the organization’s reputation?  What information, if any, about this company has been in the news?

•       What are the requirements of the position you are seeking?

•       What are the job responsibilities?

•       Why is this position currently available?

“THE FIVE C’S” OF SUCCESSFUL JOB INTERVIEWING

•       CHALLENGED

•       COMMUNICATIVE

•       CANDID

•       COMFORTABLE

•       CONFIDENT

WHAT TO DO DURING A JOB INTERVIEW

•      Introduce yourself.

•      Wait to be invited to be seated.

•      Listen, respond and ask your questions during the interview exchange.

•      Note any follow-up requests (i.e. supply references or transcripts).

•      Sense when the interview is coming to a close.

•      Clarify with the interviewer the next steps in the process.

•      Summarize and express your enthusiasm and interest for the job, your qualifications for such, and your enjoyment of the interview.

•      Thank the interviewer while leaving.

•      Follow-up by sending a Thank You letter.

JOB INTERVIEWING
DO’S                                          DON’T’S

•       Your homework - gather info

•       Rehearse - practice orally

•       Dress a level above the job you are seeking

•       Be punctual

•       Have a firm handshake

•       Show interest

•       Be nice

•       Be yourself

•       Think what it is to like to be in the interviewer’s shoes

•       Ask your questions

•       Think before responding

•       Maintain good eye contact

•       Thank the interviewer when leaving

•       Send a follow-up letter

•       Appear uninformed about the organization

•       Talk too much

•       Listen poorly

•       Interrupt the interviewer

•       Put yourself down

•       Be arrogant

•       Be rude

•       Ask about salary early in the interview- do it at the end, if at all

•       Be an extremist

•       Over or under dress

•       Have a telephone interview if you can avoid it

•       Be vague or indirect

•       Be negative

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE WORKPLACE
In order to be “people smart” you need to. . .

•      Understand people- be perceptive

•      Express yourself clearly

•      Assert your needs

•      Exchange feedback

•      Know how to influence or persuade others

•      Resolve conflicts

•      Be a team player

•      Be able to shift gears

Understanding your needs

•      David McClelland

–   Affiliation

–   Achievement

–   Power

•      Abraham Maslow – Hierarchy of Needs

•      Where do you spend your time? This indicates your motivations and what needs you are trying to meet.

MASLOW’S
HIERARCHY


Self Actualization

Este
em Needs

Belonging Needs

Safety Needs

Basic Biological Needs


CHARACTERISTICS OF SELF-ACTUALIZED PEOPLE

•       Practical and realistic in problem solving

•       Accepting of themselves and others

•       Genuine, natural and spontaneous

•       Having a need for privacy

•       Independent and self-reliant

•       Having “peak experiences”- moments of exhilaration and ecstasy

•       Identifying with and respecting all humankind

•       Following strongly held values and ethics

•       Maintaining deep, close relationships with a small amount of people

•       Demonstrating a broad, non hostile sense of humor

•       Innovative and creative

•       Individualistic and resisting conformity

•       Appreciating the natural and social environment

INTRINSIC    VS.   EXTRINSIC
MOTIVATION   MOTIVATION

•      Comes from within the person

•      Incites passion

•      Makes you feel good

•      Rewards you while you work

•      Comes from external world

•      Helps set goals

•      Heightens your expectations

•      Rewards you outside of work, afterwards

POTENTIAL PROBLEMS IN THE WORKPLACE

•      SUBSTANCE ABUSE

•      LACK OF ADVANCEMENT

•      BUNRNOUT

•      DIFFUCULT CO-WORKERS

•      SEXUAL HARASSMENT

•      DISCRIMINATION

HOW TO PROTECT YOURSELF FROM SEXUAL HARASSMENT

•      1.)  Know you organizations policy on sexual harassment.

•      2.)  Let the offending individual know that you are irritated by his or her behavior - Be assertive.

•      3.)  Document events.

•      4.)  If the offensive behavior is repeated, complain to someone in authority.

•      5.)  Keep records of your work.

•      6.)  Seek legal assistance if you are dissatisfied with your organizations response to your complaint.

•      7.)  Keep your spirits high.

MOST VALUED EMPLOYEE
QUALITIES

•      Dependable

•      Positive, motivated attitude

•      Honest

•      Good communication skills

•      Good listener

•      Creative problem solver

•      Sound decision maker

•      Team player

•      Willing to learn new skills

 

•      Open to suggestions and feedback

•      Hardworking

•      Accurate and responsible

•      Ability to follow through

•      Confident

•      Neat and attractive appearance

•      Respectful and considerate ( good manners )

•      High energy

•      Able to cope with stress